综合类
考试试题
[多选题]共用题干
Making Yourself a Good RecordIf you are an American and you think you might need to borrow money someday,the best thing to do is start early.That'S because just as many employers want to hire only people with experience,banks and other creditors are usually reluctant to lend to those________(51)a proven track record of paying back, _________(52)time,the money they have borrowed.But if you need experience just to get a start,how do you get that start in the first place?With a little help from your parents usually,while you are still financially dependent_________(53) them.It is easy to get a credit card or student loan when you are in college,because banks figure your parents will bail you out if you fail to pay.So just as students take on internships to build up their resumes,one's university time can be a goodtime to work on another important personal record:the credit _________(54).Credit reports are a_________(55)of one's personal credit history,gathered by a credit reporting agency,or CRA.Banks and companies一___________(56)hospitals,landlords and insurance companies一regularly report to the three main CRAs in the US__________(57)how their customers are doing at paying back the money they ________(58).Anyone with a"legitimate business need"has the right to order individuals'reports from the CRAs. Potential creditors usually compile the information in'the reports into a credit"score",ranking the level ofcreditworthiness.Lack of experience in borrowing in__________(59)to a bad record of doing so,can result in a low score.Even if you are not considering taking out a loan for such a large purchase as a home or car,your credit report can be important to getting through life.Landlords often ask for the reports to judge________(60 )a person can be trusted to pay the rent. Credit checks are necessary for getting a credit card,even for pur-chasing a mobile phone calling plan.People can obtain a copy of their own credit report,usually __________(61)a cost of around US $8—9.Some consumer organizations recommend doing this once a year to allow one to catch any mistakes __________(62)have slipped into the record or,even worse,to find out whether any fraud has taken place.Though the system is controlled by laws __________(63)to protect people's privacy it isn't fool-proof: sometimes people take out bad loans in others'names,________(64)their records. In a society addicted________(65)credit,that can be a disaster. _________(60)
[多选题]共用题干
The Fat Problem That Men FaceIt is a pleasure to see men of a certain age worrying about their weight.Listening to them is not such a pleasure.Because the men are new at the game,they don't hesitate to discuss the fat problem incessantly. However women of the same age do not discuss the fat problem,especially not in mixed company.They prefer to face the problem with quiet dignity.Discussing the problem might only draw attention to some stray body part that may be successfully tucked away under an article of clothing.The age at which a man begins to explore the fat problem can vary.The actual problem can manifest itself in the early 30's,but broad-range discussion usually starts later. There are early nonverbal symptoms. I'ye watched the rugged journalist who shares my apartment sneak by with a Diet Coke.His shirts are no longer neatly tucked in to display a trim waist.Recently he has begun to verbalize his anxiety.He tells me, with a sheepish grin,that he is taking his suits to Chinatown to have them"tailored".Still older men have lost their dignity and rattle on unabashedly.Often wives and children play impor- tant roles in their fat-inspection rituals.Take my oldest brother,a former college football player. His daugh-ter says that several times a day he will stand at attention and call out,"Fat,medium or thin?"She knows the correct answer:medium.Thin would be an obvious stretch,and fat may not get her that new video. According to his wife,he stands in front of the mirror in the morning(before the day's meals take their toll),puts his hands behind his head and lurches into a side bend,then clutches the roll that has developed and says,"am I getting fatter?"His wife is expected to answer．"you look like you may have lost a few pounds".And then there are the ex-husbands a pitiful group.They are extremely vocal.When I go to the movies with one,he confides that he is suffering from great hunger because he is dieting. He hasn't eaten since the pancakes and sausages he wolfed down that morning.He pauses in、his monologue while he buys his popcorn.After the movie,we sprint to a restaurant,where he again pauses to devour a basket of bread. Before he orders his chaste salad and soup,he grows plaintive.Do I think he's fat? Men of a certain age are always ready to talk about their fat problem.
[多选题]共用题干
Man of Few WordsEveryone chases success,but not all of us want to be famous.South African writer John Maxwell Coetzee is______(51)for keeping to himself.When the 63-year-old man was named the 2003 Nobel Prize winner for literature,reporters were warned that they would find him"particularly difficult to______（52)".Coetzee lives in Australia but spends part of the year teaching at the University of Chicago.He seemed ______(53)by the news that he won the US $1.3 million prize."It came as a complete surprise.I wasn't even aware they were due to make the announcement,"he said.His_______(54)of privacy led to doubts as to whether Coetzee will attend prize-giving in Stockholm, Sweden,on December 10.But despite being described as_______(55)to track down,the critics agree that his writing is easy to get to know.Born in Cape Town,South Africa,to an English-speaking family,Coetzee______(56)his break- through in 1980 with the novel"Waiting for the Barbarians".He_______(57)his place among the wor1d's leading writers with two Booker prize victories,Britain's highest honour for novels.He first _______(58)in 1983 for the Life and Times of Michael K and his second title came in 1999 for Disgrace.A major theme in his work is South Africa's former apartheid system,which divided whites from blacks. _______(59)with the problems of violence,crime and racial division that still exist in the country,his books have enabled ordinary people to understand apartheid_______(60)within."I have always been more interested in the past than the future,"he said in a rare interview."The past_______(61)its shadow over the present.I hope I have made one or two people think _______(62)about whether they want to forget the past completely."In fact,this purity in his writing seems to be______(63)in his personal life.Coetzee is a vegetarian,a cyclist rather than a motorist and he doesn't drink alcohol.But what he has______(64)to literature,culture and the people of South Africa is far greater than the things he has given up."In looking at weakness and failure in life,"the Noble prize judging panel said,"Coetzee's work_______(65)the divine spark in man." 61._________
[多选题]共用题干
The Fat Problem That Men FaceIt is a pleasure to see men of a certain age worrying about their weight.Listening to them is not such a pleasure.Because the men are new at the game,they don't hesitate to discuss the fat problem incessantly. However women of the same age do not discuss the fat problem,especially not in mixed company.They prefer to face the problem with quiet dignity.Discussing the problem might only draw attention to some stray body part that may be successfully tucked away under an article of clothing.The age at which a man begins to explore the fat problem can vary.The actual problem can manifest itself in the early 30's,but broad-range discussion usually starts later. There are early nonverbal symptoms. I'ye watched the rugged journalist who shares my apartment sneak by with a Diet Coke.His shirts are no longer neatly tucked in to display a trim waist.Recently he has begun to verbalize his anxiety.He tells me, with a sheepish grin,that he is taking his suits to Chinatown to have them"tailored".Still older men have lost their dignity and rattle on unabashedly.Often wives and children play impor- tant roles in their fat-inspection rituals.Take my oldest brother,a former college football player. His daugh-ter says that several times a day he will stand at attention and call out,"Fat,medium or thin?"She knows the correct answer:medium.Thin would be an obvious stretch,and fat may not get her that new video. According to his wife,he stands in front of the mirror in the morning(before the day's meals take their toll),puts his hands behind his head and lurches into a side bend,then clutches the roll that has developed and says,"am I getting fatter?"His wife is expected to answer．"you look like you may have lost a few pounds".And then there are the ex-husbands a pitiful group.They are extremely vocal.When I go to the movies with one,he confides that he is suffering from great hunger because he is dieting. He hasn't eaten since the pancakes and sausages he wolfed down that morning.He pauses in、his monologue while he buys his popcorn.After the movie,we sprint to a restaurant,where he again pauses to devour a basket of bread. Before he orders his chaste salad and soup,he grows plaintive.Do I think he's fat? My oldest brother's daughter would not tell her father he is fat because she loves him so much that she cannot bear to upset him.
[多选题]共用题干
The Case of the Disappearing FingerprintsOne useful anti-cancer drug can effectively erase the whorls and other characteristic marks that give peopletheir distinctive fingerprints（指纹）.Losing them could become troublesome. A case________( 51) onlinein a letter by Annals of Oncology（肿瘤学）indicates how big a ________ (52) of losing fingerprints is.Eng-Huat Tan,a Singapore-based medical doctor describes a 62-year-old man who has used capecit- abine to_________ (53 ) his nasopharyngeal cancer（鼻咽癌）.After three years on the__________ (54), the patient decided to visit U.S. relatives last December. But he was stopped by U. S. customs officials __________(55)4 hours after entering the country when those officials couldn't get fingerprints from the man.There were no__________(56)swirly marks appearing from his index finger."U.S.customs has been fingerprinting incoming foreign visitors for years,"Tan says."Unfortunately,for the Singaporean traveler,one potential__________(57)effect of his drug treatment is a smoothing of thetissue on the finger pads,____________（58),no fingerprints.""It is uncertain when fingerprint_________(59)will begin to take place in patients who are taking capecitabine,"Tan points out.So he___________(60)any physicians who prescribe the drug to provide their patients with a doctor's____________(61)pointing out that their medicine may cause fingerprints todisappear.Eventually,the Singapore traveler made it into the United States.I guess the name on his passport didn't raise any red flags. But he's also now got the doctor's explanatory note一and won't leave home__________(62)it.By the way , maybe the Food and Drug Administration（美国食品药物管理局），__________( 63) approved use of the drug 1 1 years ago,should consider updating its list of side effects___________(64)with this medicine. The current list does note that patients may experience vomiting（呕吐）,stomach pain and some other side effects.But no where__________(65)it mention the potential danger for loss of finger- prints. _________(56)
[单选题]Don’t count on dung
Conservationists (自然保护主义者) may be miscalculating the numbers of the threatened animals such as elephants, say African and American researchers. The error occurs because of a flaw in the way they estimate animal numbers from the piles of dung (粪) the creatures leave behind.
The mistake could lead researchers to think that there are twice as many elephants as there really are in some regions, according to Andrew Plumptre of the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) in New York.
Biologist Katy Payne of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, agrees. "We really need to know elephant numbers and the evidence that we have is quite indirect," says Payne, who electronically tracks elephants.
Counting elephants from planes is impossible in the vast rainforests of Central Africa. So researchers often estimate elephant numbers by counting dung piles in a given area. They also need to know the rate at which dung decays: Because it's extremely difficult to determine these rates, however, researchers counting elephants in one region tend to rely on standard decay rates established elsewhere.
But researchers at the WCS have found that this decay rate varies from region to region depending on the climate and environment. Using the wrong values can lead the census astray (离开正道), says Plumptre.
He and his colleague Anthony Chifu Nchanji studied decaying elephant dung in the forests of Cameroon. They found that the dung decayed between 55 and 65 per cent
more slowly than the dung in the rainforests of neighbouring Gabon. If researchers use decay rates from Gabon to count elephants in Cameroon, they would probably find more elephants than are actually around.
This could mean estimates in Cameroon are at least twice as high as those derived from decay rates calculated locally, says Plumptre. "However accurate your dung density estimate might be, the decay rate can severely affect the result."
Plumptre also says that the dung-pile census should be carried out over a region similar in size to an elephant's natural range. The usual technique of monitoring only small, protected areas distorts numbers because elephants move in and out of these regions, he says. "If the elephant population increases within the protected area, you can not determine whether it is a real increase or whether it is due to elephants moving in because they are being poached (入侵偷猎) outside."
Plumptre says that similar problems may also affect other animal census studies that rely on indirect evidence such as nests, tracks or burrows (地洞).
文章(31~35)
The word "threatened" in the first sentence of the first paragraph could be best replaced by
[多选题]共用题干
The Fat Problem That Men FaceIt is a pleasure to see men of a certain age worrying about their weight.Listening to them is not such a pleasure.Because the men are new at the game,they don't hesitate to discuss the fat problem incessantly. However,women of the same age do not discuss the fat problem,especially not in mixed company.They prefer to face the problem with quiet dignity.Discussing the problem might only draw attention to some stray body part that may be successfully tucked away under an article of clothing.The age at which a man begins to explore the fat problem can vary.The actual problem can manifest itself in the early 30's,but broad-range discussion usually starts later.There are early nonverbal symptoms. I've watched the rugged journalist who shares my apartment sneak by with a Diet Coke.His shirts are no longer neatly tucked in to display a trim waist.Recently he has begun to verbalize his anxiety.He tells me, with a sheepish grin,that he is taking his suits to Chinatown to have them"tailored".Still older men have lost their dignity and rattle on unabashedly.Often wives and children play important roles in their fat-inspection rituals.Take my oldest brother,a former college football player,as an example.His daughter says that several times a day he will stand at attention and call out,"Fat,medium or thin?" She knows the correct answer:medium.Thin would be an obvious stretch,and fat may not get her that new video.According to his wife,he stands in front of the mirror in the morning(before the day's meals take their toll),puts his hands be- hind his head and lurches into a side bend,then clutches the roll that has developed and says,"Am I getting fat- ter?"His wife is expected to answer,"You look like you may have lost a few pounds."And then there are the ex-husbands a pitiful group.They are extremely vocal.When I go to the movies with one,he confides that he is suffering from great hunger because he is dieting.He hasn't eaten since the pancakes and sausages he wolfed down that morning.He pauses in his monologue while he buys his popcorn. After the movie,we sprint to a restaurant,where he again pauses to devour a basket of bread.Before he orders his chaste salad and soup,he grows plaintive.Do I think he's fat? Men usually begin to worry about their weight when they are nearly 40.
[多选题]共用题干
Public RelationsPublic relations is a broad set of planned communications about the company, including publicity releases,designed to promote goodwill and a favorable image.Publicity then is part of public relations when it is initiated by the firm , usually in the________ (51）of press releases or press conferences.Since public relations involves communications with stockholders，financial analysts,government officials,and other noncustomer groups,it is usually________(52) outside the marketing department , perhaps as a staff department or outside consulting firm reporting to to management.This organizational placement can be a________(53) because the public relations department or consultant will likely not be in line with marketing efforts.Poor communication and no coordination can be the________ (54).Although the basic purpose of public relations is to provide positive influence_______(55) the public image,this influence generally may be less than_______(56) provided by the other components of the public image mix.Publicity may be in the form of news releases that have(57) overtones for the company initiated by the public relations department.Publicity on the other________ (58) should not be divorce from the marketing department,as it can________(59) a useful adjunct(辅助) to the regular advertising______(60) not all publicity is initiated by the firm;some can________(61) from an unfavorable press a reaction to certain actions or lack of________(62) that are controversial or even downright ill-advisedThe________(63) we wish to emphasize is that a firm is deluding(自欺) itself if it thinks its public relations function,whether within the company or an outside firm,can take________(64) of public image problems and opportunities.Many of these have to do with the way the________(65) does business,such as its product quality,the servicing and handling of complaints , etc. _________56
[多选题]共用题干
第一篇The Smell of MoneyFor many years large supermarkets have been encouraging us to spend money by pumping the smell of freshly-baked bread into their stores. Now Dale Air, a leading firm of aroma（香气）consultants, has been approached by Barclay's Bank to develop suitable artificial smells for their banks.Researchers have suggested that surrounding customers with the"smell of money"will encourage them to feel relaxed and optimistic and give them added confidence in the bank's security and professionalism.But before a smell can be manufactured and introduced into banks' air conditioning systems,it must be identified and chemically analyzed,and this has proved to be difficult.The problem is that banknotes and coins tend to pick up the smell of their surroundings.So cash that has been sitting in a cash register at a fishmonger's（鱼贩）will smell of fish,and banknotes used to pay for meals in restaurants will tend to smellof food.It may be a challenge,but aroma experts have little doubt that the use of artificial smells can be an effective form of subconscious advertising. Lunn Poly,a British travel company,introduced the smell of coconuts（椰 子）into its travel agencies and saw a big increase in spending by holiday makers.Many cafs now have elec-tric dispensers（自动售货机）that release the smell of freshly roasted coffee near their entrances, subtly encouraging customers to come in and have a drink or snack. Even prestigious car maker Rolls-Royce has been spraying the inside of its cars to enhance the smell of the leather seats."The sense of smell is probably the most basic and primitive of all human senses,"explains researcher Jim O'Riordan. "There is a direct pathway from the olfactory（嗅觉的）organs in the nose to the brain."It is certainly true that most people find certain smells incredibly strong,stirring memories and feelings in a way that few other stimulants（刺激物）can rival. It is a phenomenon marketing consultants have long recog- nized,but until recently have been unable to harness."We've made great progress but the technology of odour production is still in its infancy,"says O'Riordan."Who knows where it will take us."
