卫生B

考试试题

[多选题]共用题干 ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds to the length of life,it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise_______(51)health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore,exercise________(52)involves play and recreation(娱乐),and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so__________(53),is not only pleasant but beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise one should_________(54)merits careful consideration.The grow- ing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill(兴奋) with strenuous(剧烈的)sports. Theyfatigue to the__________(55)of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest.But not so with thoseof middle age and beyond. For them moderation is_________(56)vital importance.Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is a question hard to__________(57).In- dividual variability is too great to permit generalization.A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one per- son of forty but folly(愚蠢)for another. The safe_________(58)for exercise depends on the condition of the heart,the condition of the muscles,the_________(59)of exercise,and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions,however,will__________(60)as sound advice for anyone.The first is thatthe___________(61)of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful,thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept__________(62)the point of physical exhaustion.What type of exercise one should___________( 63)depends upon one's physical condition.Young people can safely enjoy competitive sports,but most older persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous ___________(64).Walking,swimming and skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely ___________(65)in throughout life.Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise. _________(59)
[多选题]共用题干 第一篇Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity.It may be walking,cycling or swimming,or in winter,skating or skiing. It may be a game of some kind of football,hockey,golf, or tennis.It may be mountaineering.Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment.Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship,and to take risks on high mountains?This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.Mountaineering is a sport and not a game.There are no manmade rules,as there are for such games as golf and football.There are,of course,rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore,but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people.Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports,we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a"team game".We should be mistaken in this.There are,it is true,no "matches " between "teams"of climbers,but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend,there is obviously teamwork.The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man.He has to fight the forces of nature.His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.A mountain climber continues to improve the skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty,and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties.But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps.They may take more time than younger men,but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort,and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.
[多选题]共用题干 For many people today,reading is no longer relaxation.To keep up their work they must read letters,reports,trade publications,interoffice communications,not to mention newspapers and magazines:a never-ending flood of words.In__________(51)a job or advancing in one,the ability to read and comprehend quickly can mean the difference between success and failure.Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are_________(52)readers.Most of us develop poor reading habits at an early age,and never__________(53)them.The main deficiency_________(54)in the actual stuff of language itself一words.Taken individually,words have_________(55)meaning until they are strung together into phrases,sentences and paragraphs.___________(56),however,the untrained reader does not read groups of words.He laboriously reads one word at a time,often regressing to reread words or passages.Regression,the tendency to look back over_________(57)you have just read,is a common bad habit in reading.Another habit which________(58)down the speed of reading is vocalization一sounding each word either orally or mentally as one reads.To_________(59)these bad habits,some reading clinics use a device called an accelerator, which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed.The bar is set at a slightly faster rate than the reader finds comfortable,in order to "stretch" him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast,_______(60)word-by-word reading,regression and sub-vocalization,practically impossible.At first_________(61)is sacrificed for speed.But when you learn to read ideas and concepts,you will not only read faster,________(62)your comprehension will improve.Many people have found their reading skill drastically improved after some training.________(63)Charlie Au,a business manager,for instance.His reading rate was a_________(64)good 172 words a minute_________(65)the training;now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute.He is delighted that he can get through a lot more reading material in a short period of time. _________(65)
[多选题]共用题干 Migrant WorkersIn the past twenty years,there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another.______(51)some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people,others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers.This is particularly the case in the Middle East,______(52)increased oil incomes have enabled many countries to______(53)outsiders to improve local facilities.______(54)the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe.It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries,______(55)South Korea and Japan.In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East,it is not______(56)that the pay is high to attract suitable workers.Many engineers and technicians can earn at least______(57) money in the Middle East as they can in their own country,and this is a major attraction.An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it.This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage.______(58),the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each other______(59)safety and comfort.______(60),many migrant workers can save large sums of money partly______(61)the lack of entertainment facilities.The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutions______(62)problems rather than do routine、work in their home country.One major problem which______(63)migrant workers in the Middle East is that their jots are tem-porary ones.They are nearly always on contract,so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great conn-dence.This is to be expected、 since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents?______(64),migrant workers accept this disadvantage,along with others,because of the ______(65)financial benefits which they receive. 65._________
[多选题]共用题干 Nurse!I Want My MummyWhen a child is ill in hospital,a parent's first reaction is to be________(51)them.Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep________(52)with their child,providing a bed or sofa on the ward.But until the 1970s this _________ (53) was not only frowned upon(不被赞同)—it was actively discouraged.Staff worried that the children would be______(54)when their parents left,and so there was a blanket(通用的)ban.A concerned nurse,Pamela Hawthorn,disagreed and her study"Nurse,I Want My Mummy!"published in 1974,_________ (55 ) the face of paediatric(儿科的)nursing.Martin Johnson,a professor of nursing at the University of Salford,said that the work of_________(56) like Pamela had changed the face of patient care."Pamela's study was done against the__________(57)of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in__________(58).""The idea was that if mum came to__________(59)a small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable(无法安慰的)for hours.""Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at_________(60)the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed.""Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope__________(61)mum was ever comingback.""To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit.""But children were alone and depressed,so Hawthorn said parents should be__________(62)to visit." Dr. Peter Carter,chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing,said her _________( 63 ) had been seminal(开创性的)."Her research put an end to the__________(64)when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward.""As a result of her work,parents are now recognized as partners in care and are offered the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital,__________(65)has dramatically improved both parents'and children's experience of care." _________(57)
[多选题]共用题干 How Two Great Conflicts Helped to Change EuropeNinety years ago on a sunny morning in Northern France,something happened that changed Britain and Europe for ever. At half past seven on the morning of July 1,1916 , whistles(哨子) blew and thousands of British soldiers left their positions to attack their German enemies. By the end of the day,20,000 of them were dead,and another 30,000 wounded or missing. The Battle of the Somme,______(51)it is called,lasted for six months.When it ended,125,000 British soldiers were dead. They had gained five kilometers of ground.This was one of a series of great battles during WWI.The attack on the Somme was staged to relieve______(52)on the French,who were engaged in a great battle of their own at a place called Verdun. By the time the battle ended,over a million French and German troops had been killed.About 17 million people were killed in WWI. There have been wars with greater numbers of dead .But there has never been one in______(53)most of the dead were concentrated in such a small area. On the Somme battlefield,two men died for every meter of space.Local farmers working in the land still______(54)the bodies of those who died in that battle .The dead of all nations were buried in a series of giant graveyards along the line of the bor- der______(55)France and Belgium.Relatives and descendants(子孙)of those who died still visit these graveyards today.What the French call the"tourism of death"______(56)an im- portant contribution to the local economy.It took a second great conflict before Europe was to turn______(57)war itself. Twenty-eight years after the Somme battle,a liberating army of British,American and Canadian troops took back______(58)from another German invasion. More than 500,000 people were killed.New______(59)were built.Two great conflicts across two generations helped to change the European mind about war. Germany,once the most warlike country in Europe,is now probably more in______(60)of peace than any other. One major cause of war in Europe was rivalry(竞争)between France and Germany .The European Union was specifically formed to end that______(61).According to US commentator William Pfaff,"Europeans are interested in a slow development of civilized and tolerant international relations,______(62)on problems while avoiding catastrophes(灾难)along the way. They have themselves only recently______(63)from the catas-trophes of WWI and WWII,when tens of millions of people were destroyed.They don't want______(64)."The last British veteran of the Somme battle died in 2005,aged 108.And WWI is passing out of memory and into history. But for anyone who wants to understand how Europeans ______(65),it is still important to know a little about the terrible events of July 1,1916. 59._________
[多选题]共用题干 第三篇Look After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in you mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.Or press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow.Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk,be kind to your voice.Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.If you sense that your are losing your voice,stop talking completely.Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If you need to see a doctor,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even more confidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a life- time.Of course you can.Goethe,who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools,said,"We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter."Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.If you are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body. Why does the writer cite Goethe's advice?
[单选题]How Deafness Makes It Easier to Hear【如何让耳聋的人更容易听见】   Most people think of Beethoven's hearing loss as an obstacle to composing music. However, he produced his most powerful works in the last decade of his life when he was completely deaf.   This is one of the most glorious cases of the triumph of will over adversity, but his biographer, Maynard Solomon, takes a different view. ___1___. In his deaf world Beethoven could experiment, free from the sounds of the outside world, free to create new forms and harmonies.   Hearing loss does not seem to affect the musical ability of musicians who become deaf. They continue to "hear" music with as much, or greater, accuracy than if they were actually hearing it being played.   ___2___. He described a fascinating phenomenon that happened within three months: "my former musical experiences began to play back to me. I couldn't differentiate between what I heard and real hearing. After many years, it is still rewarding to listen to these playbacks, to ‘ hear' music which is new to me and to find many quiet accompaniments for all of my moods. "   How is it that the world we see, touch, hear, and smell is both "out there" and at the same time within us? There is no better example of this connection between external stimulus and internal perception than the cochlear implant. ___3___.However, it might be possible to use the brain's remarkable power to make sense of the electrical signals the implant produces.   When Michael Edgar first "switched on" his cochlear implant, the sounds he heard were not at all clear. Gradually, with much hard work, he began to identify everyday sounds. For example, "The insistent ringing of the telephone became clear almost at once.”   The primary purpose of the implant is to allow communication with others. When people spoke to Eagar, he heard their voices "coming through like a long-distance telephone call on a poor connection.” But when it came to his beloved music, the implant was of no help.___4___.He said, "I play the piano as I used to and hear it in my head at the same time. The movement of my fingers and the feel of the keys give added 'clarity' to hearing in my head.”   Cochlear implants allow the deaf to hear again in a way that is not perfect, but which can change their lives.___5___.Even the most amazing cochlear implants would have been useless to Beethoven as he composed his Ninth Symphony at the end of his life. 文章(36~40)   A No man-made device could replace the ability to hear.   B When he wanted to appreciate music, Eagar played the piano.   C Still, as Michael Eagar discovered, when it comes to musical harmonies, hearing is irrelevant.   D Michael Eagar, who died in 2003, became deaf at the age of 21.   E Beethoven produced his most wonderful works after he became deaf.   F Solomon argues that Beethoven's deafness "heightened" his achievement as a composer.

相关课程