共用题干 New U. S. Plan for Disease PreventionUrging Americans to take responsibility for their health,H...
New U. S. Plan for Disease Prevention
Urging Americans to take responsibility for their health,Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson on Tuesday launched a$15 million program to try to encourage communities to do more to prevent chronic diseases like heart disease,cancer and diabetes（糖尿病）.
The initiative highlights the costs of chronic diseases—the leading causes of death in the United States—and outlines ways that people can prevent them,including better diet and in-creased exercise.
“In the United States today,7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness,disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases,”the Health and Human Services Depart-ment said in a statement.
The causes are often behavioral—smoking,poor eating habits and a lack of exercise.
“I am convinced that preventing disease by promoting better health is a smart policy choice for our future,”Thompson told a conference held to launch the initiative.
“Our current health care system is not structured to deal with the rising costs of treating dis-eases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices.”
Thompson said heart disease and strokes will cost the country more than $351 billion in 2003.
“These leading causes of death for men and women are largely preventable,yet we as a na- tion are not taking the steps necessary for us to lead healthier,longer lives,”he said.
The $15 million is designed to go to communities to promote prevention,pushing for chan-ges as simple as building sidewalks to encourage people to walk more.
Daily exercise such as walking can prevent and even reverse heart disease and diabetes,and prevent cancer and strokes.
The money will also go to community organizations,clinics and nutritionists who are being en-couraged to work together to educate people at risk of diabetes about what they can do to prevent it and encourage more cancer screening.
The American Cancer Society estimates that half of all cancers can be caught by screening, including Pap tests（巴氏试验）for cervical cancer（宫颈癌）, mammograms for breast cancer, colonoscopies（结肠镜检查）, and prostate（前列腺的）checks.
If such cancers were all caught by early screening,the group estimates that the survival rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent.
参考答案: B
参考解析: 由第三段首句“In the United States today ,7 of 10 deaths and the vast majority of serious illness , disability and health care costs are caused by chronic diseases”可知，A、B两项正确。由第二段的“… people can prevent them , including better diet and increased exercise”和第六段的“diseases that are largely preventable through changes in our lifestyle choices”可知，D项正确。由第四段“The causes are often behavioral—smoking , poor eat-ing habits and a lack of exercise”可知，不健康的生活方式引起了慢性病，而不是慢性病引起了不健康的生活方式，因果关系不能弄错，故C项说法错误。
由第二段“…including better diet and increased exercise”（改善饮食结构和增加运动）及第四段“… smoking , poor eating habits and a lack of exercise”（抽烟、饮食不平衡、缺乏锻炼）可排除A、B、C三个选项，D项“更加频繁地洗手”在文中没有提及，根据常识可知勤洗手与慢性病无必然联系，故选D。
由第三段“the vast majority of serious illness , disability and health care costs are caused 1y chronic -I.ny cnronic rnseases…”（因慢性病导致的绝大多数重疾、残疾和健康护理需要巨大花费）及第六段“ …to deal with the rising costs of treating diseases that are largely preventa-ble through changes in our lifestyle choices”可知，漫性病的治疗花费极高，增加资金用于疾病的预防可大大减少用于治疗费用，故选B。
由首段“… a $ 15 million program to try to encourage communities to do more to pre-vent chronic diseases…”（投入1 ,500万美元用以鼓励各社团更加努力预防各种如心脏病、癌症、糖尿病等慢性疾病）可知，该项目主要用来加强疾病预防，故选A。
由最后一段“If such cancers were all caught by early screening…the survival rate for cancer would rise to 95 percent”可知，如果癌症越早发现，将有助于提高癌症患者的存活率达95%，也就是降低其死亡率，故选D。
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