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Text 2 For the first time on record, the number of advertising-specific jobs in the U. S. is dec...
Text 2
For the first time on record, the number of advertising-specific jobs in the U. S. is declining in the middle of an economic expansion, according to government data.
What's going on? It's certainly not a case of fewer advertisements. The typical American has gone from seeing about 500 ads each day in the 1970s to about 5,000 today, according to a common industry statistic. That is one corporate message for roughly every 10 seconds of waking life. Instead, the mysterious decline can be explained by two developments.
First, there are Facebook and Google. They are the largest advertising companies in the world-and, quite likely, the largest in the history of the world. Last year, 90 percent of the growth of the digital-advertising business went to just these two firms. Facebook and Google are so profitable because they use their enormous scale and data to deliver targeted advertising at a low cost. This has forced the world's large advertising firms to preserve their profitability through a series of mergers, accompanied by jobs cut.s in the name of efficiency.
The emergence of an advertising duopoly has coincided with the rise of "programmatic advertising," a term that essentially means "companies using algorithms to buy and place ads in those little boxes all over the internet. " As any Macl Men fan might intuit,advertising has long been a relationship-driven business, in which multimillion-dollar contracts are hammered out over one-on-one meetings, countless lunches, and even more-countless drinks. With programmatic technology, however, companies can buy access to specific audiences across several publishing platforms at once, bypassing the work of building relationships with each one. That process produces more ads and requires fewer people-or, at least, fewer traditional advertising jobs and more technical jobs.
Second, there is the merging of the advertising and entertainment businesses. As smartphone screens have edged out TV as the most important real estate for media, companies have invested more in "branded content"-corporate-sponsored media, such as an article or video, that resembles traditional entertainment more than it does traditional advertising. Some of the most prominent names in journalism, such as The New York Times , BuzzFeed, Vice , and The Atlantic , are owned by companies that have launched their own branded-content shops, which operate as stand-alone divisions. As many media companies have tried to become more like advertising companies, the value of the average "creative-account win," an ad-industry term for a new contract, has declined, falling by about 40 percent between 2016 and 2017.
So there are two major themes of the decline of advertising jobs, one that has to do with the companies that now create them and one that has to do with the way brands prefer to market themselves nowadays. In short, the future of the advertising business is being moved to technology companies managing ad networks and media companies making branded content-that is, away from the ad agencies.
27. With programmatic technology, Facebook and Google could
For the first time on record, the number of advertising-specific jobs in the U. S. is declining in the middle of an economic expansion, according to government data.
What's going on? It's certainly not a case of fewer advertisements. The typical American has gone from seeing about 500 ads each day in the 1970s to about 5,000 today, according to a common industry statistic. That is one corporate message for roughly every 10 seconds of waking life. Instead, the mysterious decline can be explained by two developments.
First, there are Facebook and Google. They are the largest advertising companies in the world-and, quite likely, the largest in the history of the world. Last year, 90 percent of the growth of the digital-advertising business went to just these two firms. Facebook and Google are so profitable because they use their enormous scale and data to deliver targeted advertising at a low cost. This has forced the world's large advertising firms to preserve their profitability through a series of mergers, accompanied by jobs cut.s in the name of efficiency.
The emergence of an advertising duopoly has coincided with the rise of "programmatic advertising," a term that essentially means "companies using algorithms to buy and place ads in those little boxes all over the internet. " As any Macl Men fan might intuit,advertising has long been a relationship-driven business, in which multimillion-dollar contracts are hammered out over one-on-one meetings, countless lunches, and even more-countless drinks. With programmatic technology, however, companies can buy access to specific audiences across several publishing platforms at once, bypassing the work of building relationships with each one. That process produces more ads and requires fewer people-or, at least, fewer traditional advertising jobs and more technical jobs.
Second, there is the merging of the advertising and entertainment businesses. As smartphone screens have edged out TV as the most important real estate for media, companies have invested more in "branded content"-corporate-sponsored media, such as an article or video, that resembles traditional entertainment more than it does traditional advertising. Some of the most prominent names in journalism, such as The New York Times , BuzzFeed, Vice , and The Atlantic , are owned by companies that have launched their own branded-content shops, which operate as stand-alone divisions. As many media companies have tried to become more like advertising companies, the value of the average "creative-account win," an ad-industry term for a new contract, has declined, falling by about 40 percent between 2016 and 2017.
So there are two major themes of the decline of advertising jobs, one that has to do with the companies that now create them and one that has to do with the way brands prefer to market themselves nowadays. In short, the future of the advertising business is being moved to technology companies managing ad networks and media companies making branded content-that is, away from the ad agencies.
27. With programmatic technology, Facebook and Google could
参考答案: C
参考解析: [信息锁定]第三段指出Facebook和Google广告盈利巨大并说明原因:以低成本投放定向广告(deliver targeted advertising at a low cost)。第四段进而说明Facebook和Google的广告模式:利用编程技术向特定用户投放广告(buy access to specific audiences)。结合二者可知,C.正确.Targeted advertising与(advertise to) specific audiences同义。[解题技巧] A.半对(produce more ads)半错(create more advertising jobs):第四段末句指出,程序性广告模式生产的广告更多,需要的人力却更少。B.将第三段末句“(Facebook和Google的垄断地位迫使)大型广告公司之间(large advertising firms)进行合并”曲解为“Facebook和Google兼并了一系列大型广告公司”。D.与第四段③句“公司可以利用编程技术一次性购买多个发布平台的访问权限,绕开逐一建立关系的步骤( bypassing.…each one)”相悖。