英语二题库

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Text l With polished stone floors and a plate-glass roof,a shining multi-storey shopping mall has ju...

Text l With polished stone floors and a plate-glass roof,a shining multi-storey shopping mall has just opened beside a motorway north of Paris.Named Qwartz,and costing 300m,it houses 165 shops and what developers call"eating concepts".Two other American-style shopping malls opened in the greater Paris region last year,and a third,So Ouest,in 2012.A country that prides iiself on fashion designer boutiques and aflisanal shops seernq to be turning into one of mall rats.Partly ihis is just catching up.Until recently,strict planning rules stopped big out of-town shopping centres around the French capilal.Most malls that existed,such as V61izy 2 or Rosny 2,dated from the 1970s,when rive new towns were built in the Paris suburbs.But a new relaxed attitude has now let more modem projects go ahead.It also points to two features of French society that escape the gaze of historic Paris.One is most shoppers'suburban way of life.Only 2.2m people live in the capital itself.Yet the greater Paris region,excluding the city,counts over four times more inhabitanLs,many in small towns and car dependent suburbs.The new malls,ringed by car parks,are handy,even aUuring.Fully 62%of the French told one poll that malls were cheir favourite places to shop,ahead of the high street or traditiOPal department stores.The other trend is the global taste of consumers.Besides a huge French hypermarket,Qwartz's big puU is Primark,an Irish cheap-fashion retailer,and Marks&Spencer,a British chain.Jusc down the road,So Ouest boasts Hollister,an American surfwear brand,Starbucks,an American coffee house,and foreign fashion chains such as H&M ancl Zara.In today's temples of consumption,global is a La mode.This is not quite the France favoured by Amaud Montebourg,the industry minister and architect of a"Made in France"campaign.He is now trying to keep Amencan hands off Alstom,the French maker of TCV fast trains.He once posed cheerfully for a magazine,dressed in a striped Breton top and holding a Moulinex food-blender.Yet even French brands are not always home-made,as Benjamin Carle,a reporter,discovered filming a television documeniary about his efforts to live for a year using only products made in France.The result was comic-and sobering.Not only was it impossible to find some items,including a fridge and coffee.Mr Carle initially had to empty his flat of anyLhing that did not meet the test of 50%of its value being made in France.Out went the bicycle,computer,guitar,most of the furnilure,beer.clothes,toothbrush and more.The share of his stuff that qualified as French-made?Just 4.5%.
The word"la mode"（Line 5,Para.4）most probably means_____
  • A.taste
  • B.notion
  • C.popularity
  • D.phenomenon
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If there is one person to blame for economists'habit of commenting on everyhing,it is Gary Becker,who died on May 3rd.Not content with studying the world's economies,he was the first prominent economist to apply economic tools to all aspects of life.He revealed that people are often purposeful and rational in their decisions,whether they are changing jobs,taking drugs or divorcing their spouses.This insight,and the work that followed from it,eamed him a Nobel prize in 1992.No less an eminence than Milton Friedman declared in 2001 that Mr Becker was"the grealest social scientist who has lived and worked in the last half-century".At the heart of Mr Becker's work was the view that"individuals maximise welfare as they conceive it."Welfare need not mean income;it could derive from the pleasure of selflessness.
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Retrofitting houses to use less energy should be a no-brainer for homeowners.1 time,money spent on ways to reduce heat loss from drauShty houses should produce a 2 return in lower fuel bills.In practice,many are cauLious.Some improvements,such as solid-wall insulation and solar panels,can take over 25 years to 3 their initial cost.Few owners are willing to wait that long:by then many are likely to have.4 and moved on.Several governments have started finance schemes designed t0 5 this problem.Since 2008 PACE programmes have offered American homeowners loans to 6.improvements,repaid through higher local taxes on the property,7 it belongs to.In Brit.ain,Lhe Green Deal offers loans over a 25-year period,with repayments added to energy bills.Countnes including France and Canada have similar 8.In theory,these schemes should boost investment in common energy-saving measures,such as extra insulation and new boilers,9 the first owner does not have to pay all the costs in advance.But enrolment rates have 10,according to Sean Kidney at the Climate Bonds Initiative,a thinktank.In Britain,just 1%of those assessed for the Creen Deal have signed up.In Berkeley,California,home of the first PACE scheme,the 11 rate is similarly low.Homeowners are 12 chiefly because the interest raLes on the loans look high.The Green Deal charges 7%;some PACE schemes a hefty 8%.As these rates are fixed for decades,they will 13 look unattractive when（as now）short-term interest rates are low.Many people als0 14 they will save enough on their energy biUs to cover the repayments.For instance,15 in Britain that installing loft insulation can cut energy bills by 20%have been dented by a government study that found it 16 gas consumption by only 1.7%on average.Others fear that green loans may reduce the value of their home.In America,firms that undewrite mortgages are 17 PACE loans.Green loans have not been a failure everywhere.Around 250,000 households in Germany 18 for them each year.They do so 19 they need pay only 1%interest on them each yeu,thanks to an annual public subsidy of 1.5 billion.Whether that is a（an）20 use of taxpayers'money is another question.11选？
  • A.take-up
  • B.send-off
  • C.make-up
  • D.turn-off
3 单选题 1分
Retrofitting houses to use less energy should be a no-brainer for homeowners.1 time,money spent on ways to reduce heat loss from drauShty houses should produce a 2 return in lower fuel bills.In practice,many are cauLious.Some improvements,such as solid-wall insulation and solar panels,can take over 25 years to 3 their initial cost.Few owners are willing to wait that long:by then many are likely to have.4 and moved on.Several governments have started finance schemes designed t0 5 this problem.Since 2008 PACE programmes have offered American homeowners loans to 6.improvements,repaid through higher local taxes on the property,7 it belongs to.In Brit.ain,Lhe Green Deal offers loans over a 25-year period,with repayments added to energy bills.Countnes including France and Canada have similar 8.In theory,these schemes should boost investment in common energy-saving measures,such as extra insulation and new boilers,9 the first owner does not have to pay all the costs in advance.But enrolment rates have 10,according to Sean Kidney at the Climate Bonds Initiative,a thinktank.In Britain,just 1%of those assessed for the Creen Deal have signed up.In Berkeley,California,home of the first PACE scheme,the 11 rate is similarly low.Homeowners are 12 chiefly because the interest raLes on the loans look high.The Green Deal charges 7%;some PACE schemes a hefty 8%.As these rates are fixed for decades,they will 13 look unattractive when（as now）short-term interest rates are low.Many people als0 14 they will save enough on their energy biUs to cover the repayments.For instance,15 in Britain that installing loft insulation can cut energy bills by 20%have been dented by a government study that found it 16 gas consumption by only 1.7%on average.Others fear that green loans may reduce the value of their home.In America,firms that undewrite mortgages are 17 PACE loans.Green loans have not been a failure everywhere.Around 250,000 households in Germany 18 for them each year.They do so 19 they need pay only 1%interest on them each yeu,thanks to an annual public subsidy of 1.5 billion.Whether that is a（an）20 use of taxpayers'money is another question.12选？
  • A.unhappy
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  • C.unsurprised
  • D.unsustainable
4 单选题 1分
Retrofitting houses to use less energy should be a no-brainer for homeowners.1 time,money spent on ways to reduce heat loss from drauShty houses should produce a 2 return in lower fuel bills.In practice,many are cauLious.Some improvements,such as solid-wall insulation and solar panels,can take over 25 years to 3 their initial cost.Few owners are willing to wait that long:by then many are likely to have.4 and moved on.Several governments have started finance schemes designed t0 5 this problem.Since 2008 PACE programmes have offered American homeowners loans to 6.improvements,repaid through higher local taxes on the property,7 it belongs to.In Brit.ain,Lhe Green Deal offers loans over a 25-year period,with repayments added to energy bills.Countnes including France and Canada have similar 8.In theory,these schemes should boost investment in common energy-saving measures,such as extra insulation and new boilers,9 the first owner does not have to pay all the costs in advance.But enrolment rates have 10,according to Sean Kidney at the Climate Bonds Initiative,a thinktank.In Britain,just 1%of those assessed for the Creen Deal have signed up.In Berkeley,California,home of the first PACE scheme,the 11 rate is similarly low.Homeowners are 12 chiefly because the interest raLes on the loans look high.The Green Deal charges 7%;some PACE schemes a hefty 8%.As these rates are fixed for decades,they will 13 look unattractive when（as now）short-term interest rates are low.Many people als0 14 they will save enough on their energy biUs to cover the repayments.For instance,15 in Britain that installing loft insulation can cut energy bills by 20%have been dented by a government study that found it 16 gas consumption by only 1.7%on average.Others fear that green loans may reduce the value of their home.In America,firms that undewrite mortgages are 17 PACE loans.Green loans have not been a failure everywhere.Around 250,000 households in Germany 18 for them each year.They do so 19 they need pay only 1%interest on them each yeu,thanks to an annual public subsidy of 1.5 billion.Whether that is a（an）20 use of taxpayers'money is another question.13选？
  • A.indefinitely
  • B.extremely
  • C.inevitably
  • D.remarkably
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