解析题
30分
根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。 下面是某初中教师的课堂教学片段。 (T asked Ss to make sentences according to the information on t...
根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。
下面是某初中教师的课堂教学片段。
(T asked Ss to make sentences according to the information on the Bb.)
T: Now, let′s look at the blackboard and make sentences. I say "I don′t have abasketball" and you say "Our teacher doesn′t have a basketball". I say "I have a volleyball"and you say "Our teacher has a volleyball". Li Xing, make the third sentence ...(T wrotesentences on the Bb.)
Li Xing: Tom have a tennis racket.
T: Is it correct No, we should say it like this "Tom has a tennis racket". We don′t put"have" after "He, She, Tom, Lucy". We should say "He has ..., She has ..., Tom has ..., Lucyhas ...". (T wrote the wrong sentence on the Bb and corrected it.)
T: Next one, Li Lei, please.
Li Lei: Jim has a ping-pong ball.
T: Yes. (T wrote it on the Bb.) Next one, Zhang Hong, please.
Zhang H0ng: Li Lei don′ t have a soccer ball.
T: No, no, no. Wrong again. What is the correct answer
Ss: Li Lei doesn′t have a soccer ball.
T: Yes. (T wrote the correct answer on the Bb.)
根据上面的信息，从下面三个方面作答：
(1)请分析学生课堂回答错误的主要原因。
(2)该教师采用了什么方式来纠正学生的错误
(3)针对学生在该课堂中回答错误的情况，教师应如何进行反馈和引导
下面是某初中教师的课堂教学片段。
(T asked Ss to make sentences according to the information on the Bb.)
T: Now, let′s look at the blackboard and make sentences. I say "I don′t have abasketball" and you say "Our teacher doesn′t have a basketball". I say "I have a volleyball"and you say "Our teacher has a volleyball". Li Xing, make the third sentence ...(T wrotesentences on the Bb.)
Li Xing: Tom have a tennis racket.
T: Is it correct No, we should say it like this "Tom has a tennis racket". We don′t put"have" after "He, She, Tom, Lucy". We should say "He has ..., She has ..., Tom has ..., Lucyhas ...". (T wrote the wrong sentence on the Bb and corrected it.)
T: Next one, Li Lei, please.
Li Lei: Jim has a ping-pong ball.
T: Yes. (T wrote it on the Bb.) Next one, Zhang Hong, please.
Zhang H0ng: Li Lei don′ t have a soccer ball.
T: No, no, no. Wrong again. What is the correct answer
Ss: Li Lei doesn′t have a soccer ball.
T: Yes. (T wrote the correct answer on the Bb.)
根据上面的信息，从下面三个方面作答：
(1)请分析学生课堂回答错误的主要原因。
(2)该教师采用了什么方式来纠正学生的错误
(3)针对学生在该课堂中回答错误的情况，教师应如何进行反馈和引导
参考解析: (1)①学生在英语学习过程中缺少语言环境，受母语表达习惯影响。 ②与汉语不同，英语谓语动词需要随着时态、人称和数的变化而变化。
(2)该教师采用了直接纠错法来纠正学生的错误，即学生出现语言错误时，教师对其错误予以正面纠正(说出正确的语言形式，并让学生改正)。
(3)①在课堂教学过程中，特别是在提问的过程中，很多学生都缺乏自信，羞于开口说英语。针对学生回答错误的情况，教师应当以鼓励性评价为主，采用多种方法适时地纠错。通过表情、手势、语调等对学生的答案进行评价是教师课堂最常见的反馈形式之一。学生回答问题时谓语动词使用错误，教师最好不要马上否认学生，试着多次重复，并放慢语速，或者摆摆手、摇摇头等，启发学生自己发现错误并改正，并且在此过程中不失时机地给予学生积极强化，这样学生会记得更牢，自信心也不会受打击。
②为了有效地纠正学生在英语课堂上出现的语言错误，就必须明确错误产生的原因，这样才能“对症下药”，进而进行有效的引导。教学片段中回答错误的学生主要是由于受母语的干扰，对于新的语言规则掌握不熟练。教师应该在纠正错误的基础上，指导学生掌握有效的学习策略，例如归纳学习、演绎学习、情境学习、认知强化练习等，从而达到“药到病除”的效果。
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