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I'll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of clas-sical music .It took Cope 30 years to develop the software.Now most people can't_____(51) the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S.Bach(1685-1750)and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States,when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having____(52)thinking of new melodies,so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies.At first this music was not_____(53)to listen to. What did Cope do?He began to rethink how human beings compose music .He realized that composers,brains_____(54)like big databases. First,they take in all the music that they have ever heard.Then they take_____（55)the music that they dislike.Finally,they make new music from what is_______(56).According to Cope,only the great composers are able to create the database accurately, remember it,and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a_____(57)database of existing music.He began with hundreds of works by Bach .The software analyzed the data:it______(58)it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the______(59)into new patterns. Before long,the program could compose short Bach-like works.They weren't good,but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work to do—he had a whole opera to write.He continued to improve the software. Soon it could______(60)more complex music.He also added many other com-posers,including his own work to the database.A few years later,Cope's computer program,called“Emmy”,was ready to help him with his opera. The______(61)required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the______(62)that he liked.With Emmy,the opera took only two weeks to finish.It was called Cradle Falling,and it was a great _____(63)!Cope received some of the best reviews of his career,but no one knew exactly _____(64)he had composed the work.Since that first opera,Emmy has written thousands of compositions.Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music,_____(65)she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days! 57._________
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Voice Your Opinion一Change is Needed in Youth SportsEverywhere you look,you see kids bouncing。basketball or waving a tennis racquet（网球拍）.Andthese kids are getting younger and younger. In some countries,children can compete on basketball,base- ball,and volleyball teams starting at age nine._____________ (46)And swimming and gynmastics classes begin at age four, to prepare children for competition.It's true that a few of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may even become members of the national Olympic teams._____________ (47)This emphasis on competition in sports is having serious negative effects.Children who get involved in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport. Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it._____________ (48)But 66 per- cent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport一for fun.Another problem is the pressure imposed by over-competitive parents and coaches. Children are not naturally competitive. In fact,a recent study by Paulo David found that most children don' t even understand the idea of competition until they are seven years old._____________ (49)The third,and biggest,problem for young athletes is the lack of time to do their homework,have fun, be with friends一in short,time to be kids. When they are forced to spend every afternoon at sports practice, they often start to hate their chosen sport. A research found that 70 percent of kids who take part in competi- tive spoils before the age of twelve quit before they turn eighteen._____________(50) Excessive competitive sports take away all the enjoyment.Need to remember the purpose of youth sportsweto give kids a chance to have developing, strong, healthy bodies. __________(47)
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Levi Strauss was born in Germany in the mid 1800's and(51)______to the United States as a young man.He lived in New York City and learned the dry-goods business for several.years.In 1853 he took his knowledge and his(52)______to San Francisco(California.,USA.).His dream to(53)______came true over the next 20 years as he became a very successful (54)______.Many of Levi Strauss' customers were cowboys and miners.They needed(55)______that was strong and durable.Strauss found a special(56)______from France that was comfortable and(57)______a long time.It was called"serge de Nimes,"which was later shortened to the word denim.Another man named Jacob Davis(58)______large amounts of the denim fabric from Levi Strauss.He was a tailor who made pants for hard-working men. One of his customers was(59) ______tearing the pockets off his pants.So Jacob Davis(60)______to put rivets on certain parts of the pants to make them(61)______.The customer loved the new pants so much that he told all his friends,and soon Jacob Davis was busy(62)______lots of pants with rivets.Jacob Davis soon realized that using rivets was a great business idea,and he didn't want any-body to steal that idea. He decided that he would need to get a patent. But being a(63)______ tailor,he didn't have enough money to pay for the patent. After thinking it over,he went to the businessman Levi Strauss and told him his idea. He said,"If you(64)______to pay for the patent, we will share the(65)______from the riveted pants."Levi Strauss did agree,and the new riveted pant business was called Levi Strauss&Company. Today Levi's jeans are more popular than ever,and Levi's name continues to live on. _________(64)
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第一篇Women have contributed richly to the achievements of science and engineering in the United States.As pointed out by the National Women's History Project,it is unfortunate that many of these accomplishments have been forgotten,ignored,and even hidden as a result of cultural and social norms.In recent years,there have seen great strides in recognizing the contributions of women in all fields of study.The National Women's History Project,founded in 1980,has been one of the organizations to lead the way.It is an educational nonprofit organization whose mission is to recognize and celebrate the diverse and historic achievements of inventive women.Each year,the National Women's History Project selects women to honor them. Sometimes these honorees paved the way as pioneers;other times they built on the knowledge and work of those who came before them. They are women who advanced our medical science,thrilled us with literature,inspired us with their courage and leadership,and moved us with their art. What does the word"norm"mean?
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I'll Be BachComposer David Cope is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of clas-sical music .It took Cope 30 years to develop the software.Now most people can't_____(51) the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S.Bach(1685-1750)and the Bach-like compositions from Cope's computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States,when Cope was trying to write an opera. He was having____(52)thinking of new melodies,so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies.At first this music was not_____(53)to listen to. What did Cope do?He began to rethink how human beings compose music .He realized that composers,brains_____(54)like big databases. First,they take in all the music that they have ever heard.Then they take_____（55)the music that they dislike.Finally,they make new music from what is_______(56).According to Cope,only the great composers are able to create the database accurately, remember it,and form new musical patterns from it.Cope built a_____(57)database of existing music.He began with hundreds of works by Bach .The software analyzed the data:it______(58)it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the______(59)into new patterns. Before long,the program could compose short Bach-like works.They weren't good,but it was a start.Cope knew he had more work to do—he had a whole opera to write.He continued to improve the software. Soon it could______(60)more complex music.He also added many other com-posers,including his own work to the database.A few years later,Cope's computer program,called“Emmy”,was ready to help him with his opera. The______(61)required a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computer's musical ideas and used the______(62)that he liked.With Emmy,the opera took only two weeks to finish.It was called Cradle Falling,and it was a great _____(63)!Cope received some of the best reviews of his career,but no one knew exactly _____(64)he had composed the work.Since that first opera,Emmy has written thousands of compositions.Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesn't like of her music,_____(65)she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days! 55._________
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第二篇Electric BackpackBackpacks are convenient. They can hold your books,your lunch,and a change of clothes,leaving your hands free to do other things.Someday,if you don't mind carrying a heavy load,your backpacks might also power your MP3 player,keep your cell phone running,and maybe even light your way home.Lawrence C.Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole,Mass.,have invented a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks.In military actions,search-and-rescue operations,and scientific field studies,people rely increasingly on cell phones,global positioning system(GPS)receivers,night-vision goggles,and other battery-powered devices to get around and do their work. The backpack's electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearer's load now devoted to spare batteries,report Rome and his colleagues in the Sept.Science.The backpack's electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame.The frame sits against the wearer's back,and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks.A gear mechanism converts vertical movements of the pack to rotary motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts.Unexpectedly tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits in response to the pack'soscillations,so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks. Because of that surprising advantage,Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack.The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers,scientists,mountaineers,and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks.For the rest of us,power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk,play video games,watch TV,and listen to music,all at the same time.Electricity-generating packs aren't on the market yet,but if you do get one eventually,just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street! What is the most important feature of the backpack invented by Lawrence C.Rome and his colleagues?
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